# Chapter 9 Bar chart

## 9.1 Intro

Bar charts are normally used to inspect the distribution of categorical (dichotomous, nominal or ordinal) variables.

### 9.1.1 Example dataset

This example uses the Rosetta Stats example dataset “pp15” (see Chapter 1 for information about the datasets and Chapter 3 for an explanation of how to load datasets).

### 9.1.2 Variable(s)

From this dataset, this example uses variable currentEducation.

## 9.3 Input: R

Use the following command (this requires the rosetta package to be installed, see section 2.3.2, and the example dataset to be stored under name dat, see section 3):

rosetta::ggBarChart(dat\$currentEducation);

For more advanced stuff, visit the Rosetta Stats Pro: SPSS to R book.

## 9.4 Input: SPSS

### 9.4.1 SPSS: GUI

First activate the pp15 dataset by clicking on it (see 2.4.1).

Open the “Graphs” menu and select the “Chart Builder” option as shown in Figure ??.

In the “Chart Builder” dialog, select “Bar” from “Gallery” and drag “Simple Bar” to the “Chart Preview” as shown in Figure 9.3.

Under the “Variables” menu, select “currentEducation” and drag it onto the “X-Axis?” option in “Chart Preview” as shown in Figure 9.4. Note that there are options to modify the aesthetics of the graph on the right side of the screen under “Element Properties,” “Chart Appearance,” and “Options.”

### 9.4.2 SPSS: Syntax

Use the following command (this requires the dat dataset to be the active dataset, see 2.4.1):

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